HPAVC/HPAVC CD-ROM.iso/CLESSONS.ZIP/EXPLAIN

Text File | 1986-03-22 | 17KB | 540 lines

.T
    a DISPLAY program for text files
.R6C1
    ~V                                                                     ~N
    ~V If you have comments, criticisms, suggestions, etc. concerning this ~N
    ~V               display program, please write to:                     ~N
    ~V                                                                     ~N
.b5-10
.R12C3
.B
P.J.Ponzo
.B
Dept. of Applied Math
.B
University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1
.K17,30
PonzoTUTOR
.WN
                               ~IPLEASE NOTE~N:
~I~W
.B
~r          The DISPLAY program requires the ANSI.SYS device driver.          ~N



   Be sure that there is a ~Iconfig.sys~N file on the disk, which contains:

   ~Idevice = ansi.sys~N
~I~W
.B
~r            and the IBM PC is turned on WITH THE DISK INSERTED!             ~N

.R16C1
    You may create such a ~Iconfig.sys~N by typing:

 ~IA>copy con:config.sys~N
 ~Idevice=ansi.sys~N
  (now press F6 then Enter)

   This will place the appropriate ~Iconfig.sys~N on your disk (which must
   also have a copy of the DOS ~Iansi.sys~N device driver)
.b15-24
.WNT
  How to use the DISPLAY program

    The program ~Idisplay~N is meant to be used in place of the DOS ~Itype~N
    command. To ~Idisplay~N a file called sam, just type: ~IA>display sam~N

    The features of ~Idisplay~N which make it different from ~Itype~N are:

1)  After each screen, the ~Idisplay~N will wait for you to press a key.

2)  If certain 'special commands' appear  in  the  file  to be ~Idisplay~Ned, this
    will cause the ~Idisplay~N to give colours (foreground and/or background),
    position the 'next line' at any specified row or column, clear the screen,
    cause the ~Idisplay~N to pause until a key is pressed or print  the  'next
    line' as a 'title' (centred, in intense white, surrounded by red bars).
    You see an example of a 'title' line at the top of this  screen.  (Indeed,
    ~Ithis~N explanation of ~Idisplay~N uses these features!)

Now we will describe these 'special commands':
.WNT
 The DOT COMMANDS
    Certain DOT COMMANDS are available. They must appear on a line of their
    own, beginning with a DOT in the first column, followed immediately by:
    ~b~IT~N, ~b~IR~N, ~b~IC~N, ~b~IW~N, ~b~Iw~N, ~b~IN~N, ~b~IQ~N, ~b~IB~N , etc.


                 ~b~I           The DOT COMMAND .T                ~N


    If a line of a file to be ~Idisplay~Ned begins ~b~I.T~N, it causes
    ~Idisplay~N to print the 'next line' as a title, for example:

~b~I.T~N
~b~IChapter One~N

    will cause 'Chapter One' to be ~Idisplay~Ned as a title:

.T
Chapter One
.WN
                ~b~I        The DOT COMMANDS .R and .C             ~N



    If a line of a file to be ~Idisplay~Ned begins ~b~I.R15~N, it will cause
    the cursor to move to ~b~IR~Now ~b~I15~N.

    If a line of a file to be ~Idisplay~Ned begins ~b~I.C33~N, it will cause
    the cursor to move to ~b~IC~Nolumn ~b~I33~N.

~b~I.R20~N                               go to row 20.
~b~I.T~N                                 prepare for title.
~b~I I'm a title on row 20 ~N            this is the title.

.R20
.T
 I'm a title on row 20
.WN
               ~b~I   More on   DOT COMMANDS .R and .C            ~N



    The sequence of DOT commands:

~b~I.R20~N
~b~I.C33~N
~b~II'm on row 20, starting at column 33~N

    will print (at row 20, column 33):
.R20C33
I'm on row 20, starting at column 33
.WN
            ~b~I         The DOT COMMANDS .W  .N  and  .q           ~N


~b~I.W~N      will cause the message ~BPlease press the Enter key...(q=quit)~N
              to appear at the bottom of the screen and further ~Idisplay~N
              of the text file is suspended until a key is pressed.
              (You will recognize this message at the bottom of ~Ithis~N
              screen).  ~b~IW~N means ~b~IW~Nait.

~b~I.N~N      will give you a ~b~IN~New screen (~b~I.N~N clears the screen).


~b~I.q~N      will ~b~Iq~Nuit the ~Idisplay~N and return to DOS.
.WN
               ~b~I         The DOT COMMAND   .B                 ~N


~b~I.B~N      will cause the NEXT LINE to be printed in a 'box'.

              ~INOTE~N:You might use ~b~I.R~N and ~b~I.C~N to place the cursor
                   at the appropriate place on the screen before you use
                   the ~b~I.B~N command. The ~b~IR~Now and ~b~IC~Nolumn will
                   define the top left corner of the box.
              After using ~b~I.B~N, ~Ithe cursor is at the top right of~N
              ~Ithe box~N. For example:
~b~I.R20~N
~b~I.C10~N
~b~I.B~N
~b~I    Jack-in-a-box    ~N   will give:
.R20C10
.B
    Jack-in-a-box
.R19C10
~I~Nrow 20,col 10 is here.
.R20C34
~I█~N cursor is left here (ready for another box!)
.WN

~b~I.R20~N
~b~I.C10~N
~b~I.B~N                               What will the combination of
~b~Ifirst~N                            .commands (shown at left) do?
~b~I.B~N
~b~Isecond~N
.W
.R18C10
.B
first
.B
second
.WN
               ~b~I         The DOT COMMAND   .b                 ~N

~b~I.b10-18~N        will put a screen-wide box, from row ~I10~N to row ~I18~N.
.W
.b10-18
.W
.R14C15
~V  ...and, of course, you can now put text inside....~N
.WNR10C2
    ... or you can have a se~Ix~Ny box:


~b~I.x9-12~N
.Wx9-12
.WNT
    Another   DOT command   .Q
~b~I.Q~N                                  Will ask the following question:
~b~IWho was buried in Grant's tomb?~N
~b~IGrant~N                               ...and expect ~Ithis~N answer.

    (You may use ~b~I.Q13~N to first place the cursor on row ~b~I13~N)

    Let's try it out on ~IYOU~N!
.K19,60
!@#$%^&*!!
.WN

.Q
Who was buried in Grant's tomb?
Grant
.K19,60
cock who?
.Q
Who killed cock robin?
I can't remember either!
.K19,60
  FOUR!
.Q
2+2=
4
.K19,60
dumb!dumb!
.WNT
    The DOT COMMANDS  .s  and  .r

    When you use ~b~I.W~N (to ~b~IW~Nait) or ~b~I.K~N (the ~b~IK~Nartoon, explained shortly) the
    cursor position is ~Isaved~N, the DOT COMMAND does its stuff, then the
    cursor is ~Irestored~N.

    When you use ~b~I.B~N (to ~b~IB~Nox the following line of text) the cursor
    is left "suspended", ready for another ~b~I.B~Nox. If you don't want another
    "boxed-text", move the cursor with ~b~I.R~N and ~b~I.C~N.

    In order to facilitate moving around the screen, printing here and there,
    there are two more DOT COMMANDS.

~b~I.s~N         the ~b~Is~N will ~b~Is~Nave the current cursor position...
~b~I.R10C2~N     now move to another ~b~IR~Now and ~b~IC~Nolumn...
~b~Isome text~N  print something..
~b~I.r~N         ~b~Ir~Nestore the ~b~Is~Naved cursor position.
.WNT
    the Komputer Kartoon

    ...and, for Komic relief, you also have a Komputer Kartoon:

    Just include the dot command:

~b~I.K15,33~N            gives a Kartoon at row 15, column 33.
~b~Imamma mia!~N         comment (by the Kartoon) ~Iwith 10 characters or less!~N

    ...and you get:
.W
.K15,33
mamma mia!
.WNT
 REVIEW of DOT COMMANDS
.R5C1
~b~I.T~N      the 'next line' is printed as a ~b~IT~Nitle.
~b~I.R12~N    moves to  ~b~IR~Now ~b~I12~N.
~b~I.C22~N    moves to  ~b~IC~Nolumn ~b~I22~N.
~b~I.W~N      ~b~IW~Naits for a key-press (automatic, after 22 lines).
~b~I.w~N      sets (above) line count to zero (discussed later).
~b~I.N~N      gives a ~b~IN~New (clear) screen.
~b~I.q~N      will ~b~Iq~Nuit (returning to DOS).
~b~I.B~N      will print the 'next line' in a box (with ~Isuspended cursor!~N).
~b~I.b5-13~N  will draw a screen-wide ~Ib~Nox from line ~b~I5~N to line ~b~I13~N.
~b~I.x5-13~N  will draw a screen-wide se~Ix~Ny box (line ~b~I5~N to line ~b~I13~N).
~b~I.Q~N      will ask ~b~IQ~Nuestion (on the following line) and expect the
        answer (on the line following that).
~b~I.s~N      will ~b~Is~Nave the current cursor position.
~b~I.r~N      will ~b~Ir~Nestore the (saved) cursor position.
~b~I.K19,60~N will print a ~b~IK~Nomputer ~b~IK~Nartoon at row ~b~I19~N and
        column ~b~I60~N, with the ~b~IK~Nomment on the 'next line'.
.WNT
A final note about the DOT COMMANDS:

    Because the ~b~IR~Now and ~b~IC~Nolumn specifications are often used
    together, these DOT commands may be on the SAME LINE.

~b~I.R20C30~N      moves to ~b~IR~Now ~b~I20~N and ~b~IC~Nolumn ~b~I30~N.

    In fact, most of the DOT COMMANDS will work when strung out
    on one line, after the initial DOT in column 1:

~b~I.WNT~N    will ~b~IW~Nait, then provide a~b~IN~New screen, then a ~b~IT~Nitle.

~b~I.R10C1B~N  will go to ~b~IR~Now ~b~I10~N, ~b~IC~Nolumn ~b~I1~N and get ready for a ~b~IB~Nox.

    Not all DOT COMMANDS may be strung out on one line. The ~b~I.T~Nitle, ~b~I.B~Nox,
    ~b~I.b~Nox and ~b~I.K~Nartoon want desperately to print something on the screen.
    SO, ~Iafter these, everything on a DOT COMMAND line is ignored!~N

~b~I.WNb5-7R10~N   will ~b~IW~Nait, ~b~IN~New screen, give a ~b~Ib~Nox from row
             ~b~I5~N to ~b~I7~N, .... and ~Iignore~N ~b~IR10~N!
.WNT
  ...and yet another DOT COMMAND
      If you ~Idisplay~N an ASCII text file which is NOT especially written
    with the 'special commands'...in particular, if there are no ~b~I.W~N
    ~b~IW~Nait commands...then ~Idisplay~N will read 22 lines of text and
    then will ~b~IW~Nait for the Enter key. ~IThe display program counts
    the number of lines which are read from the text file and ~N~b~IW~N~Iaits
    after 22 lines are read.~N However, in some cases, you may have a file
    written with the 'special' ~Idisplay~N DOT COMMANDS which (of course)
    are NOT printed on the screen but are instructions to the ~Idisplay~N
    program. In this case, the text file may have 20 lines of text (which
    are meant to be printed on the screen) and 5 DOT COMMANDS (each on its
    own line!). That makes 25 lines from your text file of which 20 are
    to be printed. Too bad !! ~Idisplay~N will ~b~IW~Nait after 22 lines are
    read from the file. What you want is to have ~Idisplay~N read ALL 25
    lines, and print the 20 which are NOT DOT COMMANDS, before ~b~IW~Naiting.
    To achieve this you must tell ~Idisplay~N to set the line count back to
    zero. There is another DOT COMMAND for this:
.WN




~b~I.w~N      will set the line count to zero, and ~Idisplay~N will begin
              counting lines from this point. A ~b~IW~Nait will occur after
              the ~Rnext~N 22 lines (unless there is another ~b~I.w~N command)
              or until a ~b~I.W~N command occurs).



.WNT
  The TILDE COMMANDS
    Whereas the DOT COMMANDS must have a line to themselves (beginning with
    the DOT), there are  COLOUR  COMMANDS which may be embedded in the text
    itself. Each time a TILDE appears in the text file, the  NEXT CHARACTER
    has a special meaning for ~Idisplay~N.

~b~IThe quick brown fox jumped over the lazy log.~N

    The above piece of text will appear 'NORMAL' (white on black).
    If you wish the word 'fox' to be in RED, precede it with ~b~I~~R~N.
    After the ~b~I~~R~N, ALL subsequent text will be in RED!
    To change to NORMAL text, insert ~b~I~~N~N. Hence the above line of
    text would be rewritten as:

~b~IThe quick brown ~~Rfox~~N jumped over the lazy log.~N

    and would be ~Idisplay~Ned as:

The quick brown ~Rfox~N jumped over the lazy log.
.WN
                  ~b~I           All the colours           ~N

    Here are all the COLOUR COMMANDS for ~RTEXT~N:

~b~I~~R~N     changes text to ~b~IR~Ned.............~Rthis is red~N
~b~I~~Y~N     changes text to ~b~IY~Nellow..........~Ythis is yellow~N
~b~I~~G~N     changes text to ~b~IG~Nreen...........~Gthis is green~N
~b~I~~B~N     changes text to ~b~IB~Nlue............~Bthis is blue~N
~b~I~~C~N     changes text to ~b~IC~Nyan............~Cthis is cyan~N
~b~I~~M~N     changes text to ~b~IM~Nagenta.........~Mthis is magenta~N
~b~I~~W~N     changes text to ~b~IW~Nhite...........~Wthis is white~N
    and
~b~I~~I~N     changes text to ~b~II~Nntense.........~Ithis is intense~N
~b~I~~F~N     changes text to ~b~IF~Nlash...........~Fthis is flash~N
~b~I~~V~N     changes text to re~b~IV~Nerse video...~Vthis is reverse video~N
~b~I~~N~N     changes text to ~b~IN~Normal again....~Nthis is normal~N

    Guess what the following line of text will ~Idisplay~N:

~b~I~~F~~Rr~~Ya~~Gi~~Bn~~Cb~~Mo~~Ww~N
.W
.R21C30
~F~Rr~Ya~Gi~Bn~Cb~Mo~Ww~N
.WN

                    ~b~I          Coloured Background          ~N

    In addition to embedding ~b~I~~R~N (to change to ~b~IR~Ned text), you
    may change the background colour to ~b~Ir~Ned by inserting ~b~I~~r~N
    in your text file.

~b~I~~r~N     changes background to ~b~Ir~Ned.......~rthis is red~N
~b~I~~y~N     changes background to ~b~Iy~Nellow....~ythis is yellow~N
~b~I~~g~N     changes background to ~b~Ig~Nreen.....~gthis is green~N
~b~I~~b~N     changes background to ~b~Ib~Nlue......~bthis is blue~N
~b~I~~g~N     changes background to ~b~Ic~Nyan......~cthis is cyan~N
~b~I~~m~N     changes background to ~b~Im~Nagenta...~mthis is magenta~N
~b~I~~w~N     changes background to ~b~Iw~Nhite.....~V             ~N
                                       (can ~Iyou~N see white-on-white?~N)
    REMEMBER: ~b~I~~N~N returns (again) to ~b~IN~Normal white on black.

    Guess what the following line of text will ~Idisplay~N:
.R20C1
~b~I~~w~~I~~MThis is a test~~N~N
.W
.R20C1
~V~~w~N~b~I~~I~~MThis is a test~~N~N
.R22C1
    This gives a ~b~Iw~Nhite background.
.W
.R20C1
~b~I~~w~V~~I~~M~N~b~IThis is a test~~N~N
.R22C1
    This gives  ~b~II~Nntense ~b~IM~Nagenta text.
.W
.R20C1
~b~I~~w~~I~~M~VThis is a test~N~b~I~~N~N
.R22C1
    This prints some text ( 'This is a test' ).
.W
.R20C1
~b~I~~w~~I~~MThis is a test~V~~N~N
.R22C1
    This returns to ~b~IN~Normal text.
.W
.R20C1
~b~I~~w~~I~~MThis is a test~~N~N
.R22C1
    ...and the ~Idisplay~Ned result will be intense-magenta-on-white:
.W
.R20C30
~w~I~MThis is a test~N
.WN

    ...and you can have ~Icolour-in-a-box~N....


~b~I~~I~~G~N                          intense green box.
~b~I.B~N                            here comes the box...
~b~I~~w~~Rred-on-white text~~N~N   and the stuff in the box.

~I~G
.B
~w~Rred-on-white text~N
.W
.R15C10
~V
.B
~N~I...or reverse video maybe ? ~N     (~Iyou~N figure this one out!)
.WN



             ~b~I       ...and how to print a TILDE on the screen?     ~N


    ...just embed ~b~I~~~~~N in your text, and the TWO TILDES generate
    a TILDE in your text!


    One other point: for a ~Imonochrome monitor~N, choosing ~b~I~~B~N (to get
    blue text) will give ~w~Bunderlined~N characters~I!!



.WNR5C2
 ... and you may change the (entire) background colour ...

To get a screen full of ~Ib~Nlue background, just include:

~b~I~~b~N

 then ~Iclear the screen~N with:

~b~I.N~N

 then begin each line of your text with ~b~I~~b~N

 (to get blue background in the text too!)
.W
~b
.N
.R5C1
~b ... ain't this nice (just start your text with ~~b)
.R8C2
~b~I~W ... or maybe "intense white on blue" text (using ~~b~~I~~W)
.W
~b~I~Y
.x4-6
~b~I~G
.x7-9
~b~I~R
.x10-12
~b~I~Y
.R11C2
~b~I ... and sexy coloured boxes (using ~~b~~I~~Y then .x4-6  etc.)
.W
~b~I~W
.K16,32
lovely!
.WN

.T
   MEMORY DISPLAY


    When you type  ~Idisplay memory~N the display program will look on the
    disk for a file called ~Vmemory~N. If there is such a file, it will load
    and ~Idisplay~N the file.

    If, however, there is no such file on disk then ~Idisplay~N will ask
    for ~VSEGMENT~N and ~VOFFSET~N and will display the contents of the ~IIBM~N
    ~IPC~N MEMORY.

    During the ~Idisplay~N, you may modify the contents of memory.

    ( ...try SEGMENT ~Ib800~N and OFFSET ~I0~N to see ~Vscreen memory~N.)
.WN
.R2C32
~r~I~Gas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gtmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gstmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gistmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gristmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Ghristmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~GChristmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~G Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gy Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gry Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Grry Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~Gerry Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~GMerry Christmas ~N
.R2C32
~r~I~G Merry Christmas ~N
.R1C32
~r~I~G                 ~N
.R3C32
~r~I~G      1985       ~N
.wT
  That's all folks!



P.S.

    If you want to see an example of the use of ~Idisplay~N, just ~Itype~N
    this ~Iexplain~N file (which has all the 'special commands' in it).
    (Unlike ~Idisplay~N, the DOS ~Itype~N will not interpret the 'special'
    commands, and you'll be able to see them all).

~IA>type explain~N


.q